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Women’s Attire of the Luzhi Water Town


According to archaeological findings from artifacts unearthed at Chenghu Lake, as early as five to six thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Luzhi region had already mastered rice‑cultivation techniques. Over the long term, local women, in the course of engaging in paddy farming, gradually created and developed distinctive women’s costumes characteristic of the Wudong water‑towns, including headwraps, large‑collar patchwork shirts, and split‑crotch skirts and trousers. These garments are primarily concentrated in the Wudong water‑town area—centered on Luzhi and extending over 360 square kilometers to encompass the surrounding towns of Chefang, Xietang, Shengpu, and others. Among them, the women’s attire of Luzhi’s rural communities is considered the most beautiful and serves as a quintessential representation.

According to archaeological findings from artifacts unearthed at Chenghu, as early as five to six thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Luzhi region had already mastered rice‑cultivation techniques. Over the long term, local women, in the course of engaging in paddy agriculture, gradually created and developed distinctive women’s costumes characteristic of the Wudong water‑towns, including headwraps, large‑collar patchwork shirts, and skirts with split crotches and trousers. These garments are primarily concentrated in the Wudong water‑town area—centered on Luzhi and extending over 360 square kilometers to encompass the surrounding towns of Chefang, Xietang, Shengpu, and others. Among them, the women’s attire of Luzhi’s rural communities is considered the most beautiful and serves as a quintessential representation.

Beginning in 1983, experts from the former Ethnology Department of the Nanjing Museum, including Wei Caiping and Tu Sihua, conducted field surveys in numerous villages across the Luzhi and Shengpu areas, examining the folk costumes of the rice‑cultivating regions of the Jiangnan water towns. Their research concludes that the traditional attire of women in the water‑rich eastern Suzhou region stands as an outstanding exemplar of Han ethnic dress, embodying the distinctive sartorial traditions of the local working people. With a history spanning several millennia, this costume is rich in cultural significance.

In June 2005, the Luzhi Town Cultural and Sports Center officially designated this traditional costume as the “Suzhou Luzhi Water‑Town Women’s Costume” and successfully submitted it for inclusion in the first batch of Suzhou City’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List. In May 2006, the Suzhou Luzhi Water‑Town Women’s Costume was recognized as one of the first national-level intangible cultural heritage items and was added to the national protection register.

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